Home
 


Introduction

 


IRL  Invertebrates 
 


IRL
Vertebrates

 


IRL Plants
 


Links
 

IRL Species
Inventory Homepage

 

Smithsonian Marine
Station Homepage

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Description:
The bell of this large jellyfish may reach approximately 20 inches  in diameter. Body color is typically a milky bluish or brown with many evenly distributed white spots. There are 8 thick, branching oral arms which bear large brown bundles of stinging cells at their ends.  Transparent, ribbon-like appendages hang from the oral arms. 

Habitat:
Though Australian spotted jellies contract their bells to propel themselves through the water, they are weak swimmers unable to overcome the effects of winds and water currents, and thus are considered to be planktonic.  They are typically found along coastlines, but enter bay mouths and estuaries on flood tides.  They appear to be most  prevalent when salinity exceeds 25 ppt, and when water temperatures exceed 20º C.

Range:
The natural range of this species includes Australia and the Indo-Pacific. It is believed that Australian spotted jellies were introduced to Hawaii and the continental U.S. in the ballast water of commercial ships.  They are known to occur in huge numbers in the Gulf of Mexico.  Australian spotted jellies were first discovered in the Indian River Lagoon in 2002, but have not been observed in high abundance.
 

 


 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photo of the invasive Australian spotted jellyfish, Phyllorhiza punctata showing the heavily spotted bell and oral arms below the bell.  Photo courtesy of J. Masterson, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution.
An Australian spotted jellyfish swimming in the central Indian River Lagoon.  Photo courtesy of K. McCoy,
Florida Marine Research Institution.  
 


Studies have shown that each Australian spotted jellyfish digests its entire gut content every two hours.  They thus must feed nearly constantly.  They filter as much as 13,200 gallons of water per day, and can remove most small particles, including plankton and fish eggs, from the waters they feed in.