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Description:
Colonies of Scrupocellaria regularis are erect and
branching, forming short pink tufts on various substrata.
Zooids are narrow in
the proximal portion, wider distally. The opesia are ovoid in shape, and occupy
approximately 2/3 of the frontal area. Individual zooids measure an average
of 0.02 X 0.007 inches. The innermost proximal spine is specialized to act
as a shield or scutum over the membranous frontal area. This single spine covers
most of the opesia, is large and paddle-shaped with pointed edges. Polypides
have obliquely truncate lophophores which average 0.02 inches in diameter.
The horseshoe-shaped lophophore surrounding the mouth bears 13 tentacles that are somewhat translucent, and pink in color.
There are defensive avicularia on the outer sides of
individual zooids at the same level as the opesia.
Habitat:
Typical habitats for bryozoans in the Indian River
Lagoon include seagrasses, mangrove roots, drift algae, oyster reef, dock, pilings, breakwaters,
and man-made debris. In the IRL, S. regularis has been
collected from the rhodophyte Solieria.
Range:
Scrupocellaria regularis
occurs in the Western Atlantic from Cape Hatteras to the Caribbean. It has also been reported
from the Gulf of California in the Pacific Ocean. In the Indian River Lagoon, S. regularis has
been documented from the grass flats around the Sebastian Inlet area. It has
also been collected coastally near Sebastian Inlet, Ft. Pierce Breakwater,
Walton Rocks, and Capron Shoals.
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Photo of Scrupocellaria regularis showing
branching pattern and zooid position. Photo courtesy of K. Hill,
Smtihsonian Marine Station.
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Photo of Scrupocellaria regularis, showing erect branches and
ovoid opesia.
Photo by J. Winston, courtesy of the American Museum of
Natural history. Used with permission.
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Bryozoan colonies located in 3 square feet of seagrass bed could
potentially filter and recirculate an average of 48,000 gallons of seawater per
day.
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